Book Section
I present a contrastive reading of Charles Baudelaire’s ‘L’Invitation au voyage’ and Edna St Vincent Millay’s 1936 retranslation, ‘Invitation to the Voyage’. Baudelaire’s poem is prefigurative and metapoetic: it models and theorizes gendered mechanisms for controlling its readership. Millay translates the poem both from French into English, and from Baudelaire’s misogynist poetics of control into a self-reflexive and open one. Millay repairs Baudelaire’s poem. The divergence between the two is paradigmatic for a deep rift in Western literary and cultural spacetimes, separating two starkly different poetics and two very different subject positions, one assimilated and scripted, one self-reflexive and unrepresentable. A brief look at approaches in retranslation theory that land on different sides of that rift frames the essay.
Keywords: apostrophe; consciousness; gender; indexicals; poetics; retranslation; reading
Title
Millay Repairs Baudelaire
Author(s)
Sabine I. Gölz
Identifier
Description
I present a contrastive reading of Charles Baudelaire’s ‘L’Invitation au voyage’ and Edna St Vincent Millay’s 1936 retranslation, ‘Invitation to the Voyage’. Baudelaire’s poem is prefigurative and metapoetic: it models and theorizes gendered mechanisms for controlling its readership. Millay translates the poem both from French into English, and from Baudelaire’s misogynist poetics of control into a self-reflexive and open one. Millay repairs Baudelaire’s poem. The divergence between the two is paradigmatic for a deep rift in Western literary and cultural spacetimes, separating two starkly different poetics and two very different subject positions, one assimilated and scripted, one self-reflexive and unrepresentable. A brief look at approaches in retranslation theory that land on different sides of that rift frames the essay.
Is Part Of
Place
Berlin
Publisher
ICI Berlin Press
Date
28 October 2024
Subject
apostrophe
consciousness
gender
indexicals
poetics
retranslation
reading
Rights
© by the author(s)
Except for images or otherwise noted, this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Language
en-GB
page start
31
page end
70
Source
Rethinking Lyric Communities, ed. by Irene Fantappiè, Francesco Giusti, and Laura Scuriatti, Cultural Inquiry, 30 (Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2024), pp. 31–70

Publication scheduled for 28 October 2024

References

  • Académie Française, ‘Les cieux ou Les ciels’, in Dire, Ne pas dire (11 June 2020) <https://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-cieux-ou-les-ciels> [accessed 12 February 2022]
  • Bachmann, Ingeborg, Kritische Schriften, ed. by Monika Albrecht and Dirk Göttsche (Munich: Piper, 2005)
  • Bachmann, Ingeborg, Malina, in ‘Todesarten’-Projekt, ed. by Monika Albrecht and Dirk Göttsche, 4 vols (Munich: Piper, 1995), III.1
  • Balzac, Honoré de, ‘Gobseck’, in La Comédie humaine, ed. by Pierre-Georges Castex, 12 vols (Paris: Gallimard, 1976–81), II (1976), pp. 961–1013
  • Balzac, Honoré de, ‘Gobseck’, trans. by Linda Asher, in The Human Comedy: Selected Stories, ed. by Peter Brooks (New York: New York Review Books, 2014), pp. 225–82
  • Baudelaire, Charles, ‘Invitation to a Journey’, in The Flowers of Evil, trans. by Cyril Scott (London: Elkin Mathews, 1909) <https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/36098/pg36098-images.html#Invitation_to_a_Journey> [accessed 4 January 2024]
  • Baudelaire, Charles, ‘The Invitation to the Voyage’, in Jack Collings Squire, Poems and Baudelaire, ‘Flowers’ (London: New Age Press, 1909), pp. 56–57
  • Baudelaire, Charles, ‘Invitation to the Voyage’, in Flowers of Evil, trans. by George Dillon and Edna St Vincent Millay (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1936), pp. 74–77
  • Baudelaire, Charles, ‘L’Invitation au voyage’, in Oeuvres complètes, ed. by Claude Pichois, 2 vols (Paris: Gallimard, 1976), I, pp. 55–56
  • Benjamin, Walter, ‘Kleine Geschichte der Photographie’, in Gesammelte Schriften, ed. by Rolf Tiedemann and Hermann Schweppenhäuser, 7 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1972–91), II.1 (1977), pp. 368–85
  • Bergson, Henri, Matter and Memory, trans. by Nancy Margaret Paul and W. Scott Palmer (London: Allen and Unwin; New York: Macmillan, 1911) <https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951000932511x>
  • Berman, Antoine, ‘La Retraduction comme espace de la traduction’, Palimpsestes, 13.4 (1990), pp. 1–7
  • Braun, David, ‘Indexicals’, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by Edward N. Zalta (Summer 2017) <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/indexicals/> [accessed 4 November 2021]
  • Briley, Alexis C., ‘De Man’s Obstacles’, Diacritics, 43.3 (2015), pp. 40–65
  • Brugmans, Henri L., ‘“L’Invitation au voyage” by Baudelaire’, Neophilologus, 30.1 (1946), pp. 3–15
  • Clark, Carol, and Robert Sykes, eds, Baudelaire in English (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1997)
  • Crane, Joan St Clair, ‘Edna St. Vincent Millay’s Afterthoughts on the Translation of Baudelaire’, Studies in Bibliography, 29 (1976), pp. 382–86
  • Culler, Jonathan, The Literary in Theory (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2007)
  • Culler, Jonathan, Theory of the Lyric (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015) <https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674425781>
  • Gölz, Sabine I., ‘One Must Go Quickly from One Light into Another: Between Ingeborg Bachmann and Jacques Derrida’, in Borderwork: Feminist Engagements with Comparative Literature, ed. by Margaret Higonnet (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994), pp. 207–23
  • Gölz, Sabine I., ‘Günderrode Mines Novalis’, in The Spirit of Poesy, ed. by Peter Fenves and Richard Block (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2000), pp. 89–130
  • Gölz, Sabine I., ‘Apostrophe’s Double’, Konturen, 10 (2019) <https://doi.org/10.5399/uo/konturen.10.0.4509>
  • Johnson, Barbara, ‘Poetry and its Double: Two “Invitations au voyage”’, in The Critical Difference: Essays in the Contemporary Rhetoric of Reading (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980), pp. 23–52
  • Johnson, Barbara, The Wake of Deconstruction (Oxford: Blackwell, 1994)
  • Larroutis, M., ‘Une source de “L’Invitation au voyage”’, Revue d’histoire littéraire de la France, 57.4 (1957), pp. 585–86
  • Manne, Kate, Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019)
  • Marx, Karl, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, trans. by Ben Fowkes (New York: Vintage Books, 1977)
  • Massey, Doreen, ‘Space-Time, “Science” and the Relationship between Physical Geography and Human Geography’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 24.3 (1999), pp. 261–76
  • Meschonnic, Henri, Ethics and Politics of Translating, trans. by Pier-Pascale Boulanger (Amsterdam: Benjamins, 2011) <https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.91>
  • Millay, Edna St Vincent, preface to Charles Baudelaire, Flowers of Evil, trans. by George Dillon and Edna St Vincent Millay (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1936), pp. v–xxxiv
  • Patty, James S., ‘Light of Holland: Some Possible Sources of Baudelaire’s “L’Invitation au voyage”’, Études baudelairiennes, 3 (1973), pp. 147–57
  • Poe, Edgar Allen, ‘The Domain of Arnheim’, in The Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe, ed. by T. O. Mabbott, 3 vols (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1969–78), III: Tales and Sketches (1978), pp. 1266–85
  • Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky, Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire (New York: Columbia University Press, 1985) <https://doi.org/10.7312/sedg90478>
  • Usher, Stephen, ‘Apostrophe in Greek Oratory’, Rhetorica 28.4 (2010), pp. 351–62
  • de Man, Paul, ‘Anthropomorphism and Trope in the Lyric’, in The Rhetoric of Romanticism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984), pp. 239–62

Cite as: Sabine I. Gölz, ‘Millay Repairs Baudelaire’, in Rethinking Lyric Communities, ed. by Irene Fantappiè, Francesco Giusti, and Laura Scuriatti, Cultural Inquiry, 30 (Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2024), pp. 31-70 <https://doi.org/10.37050/ci-30_02>